 |
These chromosomes contain a material called DNA. This is the carrier of inheritance of features in the progeny. When any mutation or a modification in this human genome happens, it results in a genetic disease. The mutation ...
Genetics basics were proposed by Mendel and as such, the way to the discovery of many unknown diseases was opened. Though the breakthrough experiments were conducted on garden peas but it applies well to Homo Sapiens also.
Recalling some secondary level science, a person has 46 chromosomes which are divided into 23 pairs. These chromosomes contain a material called DNA. This is the carrier of inheritance of features in the progeny. When any mutation or a modification in this human genome happens, it results in a genetic disease. The mutation can be minor as well as major like absence of a complete set or a part of any pair of chromosome.
Genetic diseases are usually hereditary and are transferred form the parents to their off springs. Some genetic diseases need just one carrier genome from any one of the parents while some require both of the set from the parents. There can be some genetic diseases in their recessive form but developed during the lifetime of a person due to the lifestyle and living.
Genetic abnormality caused by mutations are those when there is a severe abnormality in the chromosome arrangement. For instance, in Down’s syndrome, chromosome number 21 contains three copies instead of two. The diseases do not surface out easily unless and until the favorable conditions for their arousal are provided. For example, heart disease is a multifactorial one which can develop due to poor health and dietary habits. Genetic diseases can be sexual or can affect any other part.